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Voices into Action (VIA) Toolkit

A digital resource supporting learner and family participation in educational decision-making

Children's and families' rights

Scroll down for an overview of key international and EU policy documents about the rights and voices of children, people with disabilities and families.

International policy literature recognises the importance of listening to the voices of children and families. In 1989, policy began to move from making decisions about children, to supporting their ability to form and express views and contribute to decisions. This is now seen as one of a child’s fundamental rights. 

Policy has also emphasised parents’, caregivers’ and families’ roles in defending children’s rights. Families are fundamental actors in developing and affirming young learners’ voices in educational matters. They play integral roles in listening to, respecting, supporting and conveying learner voices.

Key findings from international policy literature

The VIA review of international policy literature concerning children’s and families’ rights led to a few key findings: 

  • The right of children to be heard and considered in matters affecting them extends to all children. 

  • It has taken over 30 years of policy work and improvement of school practices to move from recognising children as having agency to their effective enjoyment of this right. 

  • When parents and families are involved, it is important to ensure the child’s ‘best interests’ is their main focus. 

  • Families and children have the right to receive help, guidance and support from organisations and institutions in their communities. 

  • Policy alignment and collaboration among stakeholders are pivotal to ensure the rights of children, parents and families. 

  • Countries must commit to systematising and developing effective processes for learner and family participation and interaction.

The following table provides an overview of key international and EU policy documents covering the rights and voices of children, people with disabilities and families.
21 Documents
Organisation and year
Policy document
What it means for learners, people with disabilities and/or families
European Parliament, 2021
Motion for a Resolution further to Questions for Oral Answer B9-0000/2021 and B9-0000/2021 pursuant to Rule 136(5) of the Rules of Procedure on the European Child Guarantee
Emphasises the need to meet the EU target to lift at least five million children out of poverty by 2030. Mentions the European Child Guarantee, a proposal that should ensure access to high-quality, free healthcare, education, childcare, decent housing and adequate nutrition for every child in poverty.
European Commission, 2021
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child
A comprehensive EU policy framework to ensure the protection of the rights of all children and to secure access to basic services for the most vulnerable.
Council of the European Union, 2021
Conclusions of the Council and of the Representatives of the Governments of the Member States meeting within the Council on Strengthening the multilevel governance when promoting the participation of young people in decision-making processes
Aims to ensure that all young people have equal opportunities for participation, involvement and empowerment in relevant decision-making processes.
Resources related to the rights of learners and families
  • United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4: To ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all 

  • Child Rights Education Toolkit (UNICEF): This toolkit provides guidance for practitioners working on child rights education in formal learning environments (early childhood education, primary and secondary schools) 

  • Resources and research on the Convention on the Rights of the Child, including materials for learners, teachers, businesses, organisations and governments (UNICEF)